Optimizing human in vivo dosing and delivery of beta-alanine supplements for muscle carnosine synthesis
ReviewHumansWith beta-alanine (carnosine precursor)
This study tested carnosine together with beta-alanine (carnosine precursor). Its results cannot be assigned to carnosine alone. More combination studies.
- Design
- Review
- Dose used in the study
- 1.6 to 6.4 g beta-alanine per day across the studies reviewed
- What was measured
- Review of beta-alanine supplementation studies that directly measured muscle carnosine (n=8 studies), dose-response, washout and slow-release tablet pharmacokinetics.
What the authors reported
Across the eight studies that measured muscle carnosine, total grams of beta-alanine consumed correlated linearly with both relative and absolute increases in muscle carnosine; a dose-response study showed R2 of 0.921 over 8 weeks. Baseline carnosine and body weight (65 to 90 kg) did not appear to affect synthesis. Washout after loading was slow, about 2 percent per week. A slow-release tablet gave a lower peak plasma beta-alanine, delayed peak, same area under the curve, less urinary loss and minimal paraesthesia.
Limits of this study
Narrative review; two authors were affiliated with Nestle Research Center. Abstract only.
Source
PubMed 22358258 · doi:10.1007/s00726-012-1245-7
Entry checked against PubMed abstract (E-utilities) on 2026-10-19. The dose shown is the dose the researchers used. It is not a recommendation. How to read this page.